Constitutionalizing Women's Equality Rights: There is Always Room For Improvement

Authors

  • Beverley Baines Queen's University

Keywords:

constitutional law, gender rights, equality rights, Charter of Rights and Freedoms

Abstract

Abstract

This article recommends six improvements in regard to women’s equality rights in Canadian constitutionalism. They are: 1) detail the harms; 2) advocate women’s equality; 3) delete formal equality; 4) make equality absolute; 5) stop comparing women; and 6) recognize intersectionality. Some of these recommendations are directed to legislators; others to judges. It is premature for women to celebrate. Canada’s constitutional guarantees of women’s equality rights are inadequate to the task of protecting us.

 

Résumé

Cet article recommande six améliorations en ce qui concerne les droits à l’égalité des femmes dans le constitutionnalisme canadien. Il s’agit des suivantes : 1) préciser les préjudices; 2) prôner l’égalité des femmes; 3) supprimer l’égalité formelle; 4) rendre l’égalité absolue; 5) cesser de comparer les femmes; et 6) reconnaître l’intersectionnalité. Certaines de ces recommandations s’adressent aux législateurs; d’autres aux juges. Il est trop tôt encore pour crier victoire. Les garanties constitutionnelles des droits à l’égalité des femmes au Canada sont insuffisantes pour nous protéger.

 

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Author Biography

Beverley Baines, Queen's University

Professor, Faculty of Law

References

Baines, Beverley. 2012. “Polygamy and feminist constitutionalism.” In B. Baines, D. Barak-Erez, and T. Kahana, eds., Feminist Constitutionalism: Global Perspectives. New York: Cambridge University Press, 452-473.

Baines, Beverley. 2012. “Comparing women in Canada” Feminist Legal Studies 20:2, 89-103.

Baines, Beverley. 2005. “Section 28 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms: A purposive interpretation” Canadian Journal of Women and the Law, Vol. 17, 55-80.

Baines, Beverley. 1981. “Women, human rights and the Constitution.” In Audrey Doerr and Micheline Carrier, eds., Women and the Constitution in Canada. Ottawa: The Canadian Advisory Council on the Status of Women.

Crenshaw, Kimberlé. 1989. “Demarginalizing the intersection between race and sex: A black feminist critique of anti-discrimination doctrine, feminist theory and anti-racist politics,” University of Chicago Legal Forum. 89: 138-67.

Hughes, Patricia. 1999. “Recognizing substantive equality as a foundational principle,” Dalhousie Law Journal 22:2, 5-50.

Kome, Penney. 1983. The taking of twenty-eight: women challenge the constitution. Toronto: The Women’s Press.

McIntyre, Sheila. 2006. “Answering the siren call of abstract formalism with the subjects and verbs of domination.” In F. Faraday, M. K. Stephenson, and M. Denike Eds. Making equality rights real: Securing substantive equality under the Charter. Toronto: Irwin Law. 99.

Pothier, Dianne. 2006. “Equality as a comparative concept: Mirror, mirror, on the wall, what’s the fairest of them all?” In S. McIntyre and S. Rodgers Eds., Diminishing returns: Inequality and the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms. Markham ON: LexisNexis Canada Inc, 135.

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Published

2016-07-13

Issue

Section

37.2 (1) - Canadian Women Challenge the Constitution: The Story Behind the Story